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Protein SynthesisThe Expression of a Gene     The demonstrate of Protein Synthesis involves many parts of the jail cell. Unlike other similar businesss, this butt is very complex and precise and in that locationfore must(prenominal) be through with(p) in proper sequence to work effectively. The slightest error during this process could motive the action to experience difficulty or even fail. For example, in the production of starch, glucose molecules are combined to be stored and eventually utilized as working(a) chemical energy. The cell butt joint break down the starch with petty(a) difficulty as if each molecule was identical, even though there is a wide variety of molecules. This is a different case in Protein Synthesis. In Protein Synthesis, there are twenty different amino acids and if unrivaled is out of place than is will effect the specificity of the protein. In a bouncing person, the protein hemoglobin can be found in red parentage cells, hemoglobin is helps with the transfer of respiratory gases from the caudex to the tissues of the body. With an illness called sickle-cell anemia, the red rip cells are changed from a round, disk shape to a floppy face sickle shape. These cells therefore cannot pass through small blood vessels overdue to their divergent shape. The actual cause of this mutation is a gene disorder, where the sixth codon of the protein glutamaric acid is changed with valine. This small change in the genetic code can cause severe defects in the effected such as blood clots, severe disorders and even death. All this can result from a mistake in champion codon in a chain of hundreds Protein synthetic thinking acts in this way, that is if there is only the most minuscule mistake it can hand monstrous effects. THE BASICS OF DNA AND GENES          Protein synthesis first begins in a gene. A gene is a section of chromosome compound of deoxyribonucleic acid or DN A. Each DNA strand is composed of phosphate, the five-carbon sugar deoxyribose and nitrogenous stems or nucleotides. there are four qualitys of nitrogenous bases in DNA. They are (A)denine, (G)uanine, (T)hymine, (C)ytosine and they must be paired very specifically. Only Adenine with Thymine (A-T) and gramme with Cytosine (G-C).     To form a polynucleotide DNA, many nucleotides are linked in concert with 3-5 phosphodiester linkages. In a compl... ... structure of many chromosomes ( chromosomal mutations). Mutations are not always bad because they can cause adaptation and variance in people.Point Mutations and Base Pair Mutations     The most common type of mutation involves a change in only a oneness base pair. This change only effects a single codon of the gene. There are three types of base pair mutations silent, missense, and chain termination. Silent mutations involves the move of the third codon. This does not effect the amino aci d sequence. Missense mutation is where one codon is altered to code for a different amino acid (sickle cell anemia). Chain termination mutations involve the codon being changes to a stop codon. This causes the protein synthesis to remain incomplete and lose most of the biological activity.Frame break Mutations and Mutagens     This is the addition or deletion of one or more base pair but not multiples of three. This causes the ribosome to read the codon incorrectly causing and whole different amino acid sequence. Mutagens are agents that increase the frequency of mutations. X-rays or other radiation are causes of mutagens.