Classic Literature Essay

Writers also use a foil character as well as irony of circumstances. A foil character is used to create suspense because the reader doesn’t know how the foil character will react in his situation, or how the other characters will react to him. Another element writers use is foreshadowing. Writers reveal some details in the story to lull the reader into thinking something is going to happen a certain way. However, when the writer uses irony of circumstances, the reader is caught off guard because the story didn’t end the way the expected it. rs use foreshadow and irony of circumstances to create suspense in their stories. Kate Chopin uses foreshadow in her story â€Å"Desiree’s Baby.† In â€Å"The Story of an Hour,† she uses irony of circumstances. Let’s first look at â€Å"Desiree’s Baby.† She uses foreshadowing to create suspense. Writers reveal certain things about characters to prepare the reader for the outcome. This creates suspense because the readers want to continue reading when they catch a glimpse of a character or the character’s actions. Through these revelations, readers anticipate how the story will end, so they continue reading to find out what does happen. Kate Chopin uses foreshadow in â€Å"Desiree’s Baby.† When Desiree notices something different about her baby, she talks to Armand. He tells her that the baby’s coloring indicates only one thing–he is part black. Armand accuses Desiree of deceiving him. Chopin uses a certain passage to foreshadow things about Desiree that may reveal what will happen to the characters in the end. Desiree told Armand, † ‘Look at my hair, it is brown; and my eyes are gray, Armand, you know they are gray. And my skin is fair, †¦ Look at my hand; whiter than yours, Armand.’ † These details show the reader that Desiree is lighter than Armand. The reader becomes confused and wonders what is happening. A writer uses foreshadowing to reveal certain details that lulls the reader into thinking a certain way. Then, through the use of another technique called irony of circumstances, a writer wants to surprise the reader at the end of the story by making an  unusual turn of events. At the end of the story, Chopin finally reveals that Armand is the one who is half white and half black and not Desiree. Just like â€Å"Desiree’s Baby,† Chopin uses irony of circumstances in â€Å"The Story of an Hour.† Mrs. Mallard is waiting of news about her husband, whom she thought might have died since he had been gone so long. When Mrs. Mallard is told that her husband’s name is on the list of those who were killed, Mrs. Mallard is devastated. However, her attitude changes quickly because she is free to do what she wants. The reader is still held in suspense because he or she doesn’t know what Mrs. Mallard is going to do until the end of the story. The reader is surprised when Mrs. Mallard’s husband shows up alive, and when Mrs. Mallard dies after seeing her husband. Even though Chopin uses foreshadowing, she still catches the reader off guard by using irony of circumstances.

MGT 501

Developing the Session Long Project Paper:   The SLP paper is a unique opportunity to directly use the course materials to improve your understanding of the OB-related issues within your immediate work organization (or another organization you know very well).   This should help to make the course more personally relevant. Please note that they ARE NOT simply ‘personal opinion’ papers.   Rather, they ask you to conduct a series of brief personal assessments, relating insights you have gained from reviewing the assigned academic materials, to your specific career.   Spend some time thinking about how to apply these assessments and coming up with a substantive career development plan to build on your skills and shore up your weaknesses. Your analysis should be approximately two double spaced pages, plus include both title and academic reference pages (the same as requested for each case paper).   Also, as with the case paper, please use contiguous citations (at the point in the paper where they are most relevant†¦again, see the TUI Style Sheet on this).   These will assist help your professor to better understand how you have used the applicable academic material to support your analysis. The SLP for this class involves constructing a personal inventory of your management skills, and a plan for improving those skills. In each module, you will complete an assessment of a relevant set of skills, focusing on your strengths and identifying any weaknesses that may have been revealed through the assessment an/or your personal experience. You will then be asked to create a plan by which you can `grow` your strengths and shore up your weaknesses. By the end of the project, you will have a personal management profile and action plan. In this module, you will be assessing your cultural awareness. Click on this link to Kwintessential Language and Culture Specialists. ((http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/resources/culture-tests.html)) You will find a selection of 20 or so cultural awareness quizzes. Choose one or two that looks interesting to you. (Hint: You will learn the most if you choose a general quiz, or one that concerns a country with which you are not familiar, as well as test your knowledge of a culture with which you think you are highly familiar.) After completing the quiz(s), address the following questions in a 1-page essay: Which quiz(s) did you take? As I am from Asia and I do know a bit of Spanish, I took the Cross-Cultural quiz on Islam and on Mexico. Were you surprised at your score? Yes, I was a bit surprised about the results.   In the Islam quiz, I got an 80 %, and in the Mexican quiz, I got 60 %. What strengths do you think that you have in the area of inter-cultural awareness? Some of the strengths I have in the area of cross-cultural awareness includes: – Knowing a bit of the local languages, such as Arabic, Urdu, and Spanish Knowing the customs and traditions belonging of these groups Belonging to the same religion or staying with people of the same religion as these groups. Having an idea of the attitudes, beliefs and practices followed by these groups. Having respect for one another, irrespective of the caste, creed, race, etc. Having more of cultural encounters and interactions Having an idea of interacting and developing a relationship with people from other cultures Staying in a cosmopolitan environment I have met people from these countries I have read about these groups in books and in web sites.  · What weaknesses are you able to identify? I have not traveled to these regions of the world I do not know to read and right the languages spoken in these regions Taking a bit longer time to learn local languages Taking longer time to get accomplished with local traditions – Create a plan of specific steps can you take to build on your strengths and decrease areas of weakness. During cross-cultural interactions, the individual should not be bias and have a faulty attitude towards people belonging to certain cultural background.   These attitudes develop when others provide inappropriate information of these groups.   Hence, we tend to develop negative behaviors with individuals of these groups leading to negative interactions and bad experiences.   It would be more important for us to be unbiased and have an open mind. 1. As I stay in a cosmopolitan environment, I would be open for discussion, interactions and ability to accept people belonging to foreign cultures. 2. Before interacting with any individual belonging to another cultural group, a thorough cultural assessment similar to this needs to be conducted. 3. Once the cross-cultural skills have been developed, individuals belonging to other groups would begin to trust us and have a stronger relationship with us. 4. During interactions, eye-to-eye contact is necessary. 5. It is important to respect the beliefs, attitudes and practices of these groups during interactions, as many of them follow strong traditions and customs. 6. During intercultural interactions, it is necessary to keep in mind whatever ideas exist of the attitudes, behaviors, traditions and practices.   Even a little bit of these put into practice would be identified by the other individual and would be appreciated.   In this way, slowly but surely relationships can be developed. 7. If the individual expresses a belief, which is superstitious in nature, it may be better to be nonjudgmental about it.   I would respect such superstitious as it would mean giving credit to the other individual’s culture. 8.It may be difficult for me sometimes to mix with people from other cultures, as I have not traveled to other regions of the world.   However, reading more about these individuals, their countries and their cultures through books, videos and the Internet can reduce the problem. 9.As I take longer time to learn languages, I would have to make an extra effort to do so.   It may be easy for a child to learn and accept a new language as they have good learning capacities.   However, once an individual crosses the age of 8 to 9, the ability to learn a new language may decrease.   Adults having good motivational capacity would also be able to learn a new language.   Hence, I would have to motivate myself further to learn the new language. 10.   In order to get accomplished with new traditions, an open mind and greater amount of intercultural interactions is required. Why is it important for managers to increase their levels of cultural awareness? Managers have to increase their level of cultural awareness so that they can develop a strong relationship with individuals belonging to other cultures.   Once these relationships develop, both parties would begin to trust and have confidence in one another.   The Managers could now motivate the staff and also be able to understand and solve their problems better.   This would be positive not only for the manager and the staff member, but also for the organization as a whole. References: Campinha-Bacote, J. (2001), A model of practice to address cultural competence in rehabilitation nursing, Rehabilitation Nursing, 26(1).      

Feminist Majority Foundation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Feminist Majority Foundation - Essay Example In order to implement these functional aims, Feminist Majority Foundation â€Å"engages in research and public policy development, public education programs, grassroots organizing projects, leadership training and development programs† (Feminist Majority Foundation 2). The organization’s functionality primarily focuses on research and action for women’s social, political and political empowerment. The Feminist Majority, the foundation’s sister organization, aims at the feminization of the public policy-making, employment and electoral processes at home and abroad, as the foundation acknowledges, â€Å"Our research and action programs focus on advancing the legal, social and political equality of women with men, countering the backlash to women's advancement, and recruiting and training young feminists to encourage future leadership for the feminist movement† (Choice Campus). Also the foundation’s functional structure is program-oriented and t he organization is currently running twelve programs: a. Choices Campus Leadership Program b. Women’s Health and Research c. Campaign to Help Afghan Women and Girls d. National Clinic Access Project e. National Center for Women and Policing f. Education Equity Project g. Media Archival Program h. Women and the Media/Communications Program i. Global Reproductive Health Program j. Global Women’s Empowerment Program k. Feminist Leadership and Empowerment Program l. Online Organizing and Education Program (Feminist Majority Foundation 3) FMF’s Working Definition of Feminism and Feminist Inspired by the fact that the majority of the women in the United States identify themselves as feminist, the foundation has proposed its working definitions of feminism as well as feminist in order to use it in research and action on women’s equality and empowerment. The foundation defines feminism as "the policy, practice or advocacy of political, economic, and social equali ty for women† and a feminist as a person- both male and female- who holds the feminist beliefs and advocates feminism. Since according to the organization’s view women are subjects to inferiority, inequality and injustice irrespective of countries, societies and communities all over the world, the organization holds that feminism is a global movement. Necessarily the organization’s working area is extended globally. The FMF’s Contribution to the Fight for Feminist Causes The foundation has organized numerous campaigns that are harmonious its mission at home and abroad. From 1989 to 1992, the FMF has worked for the Feminization of Power in order to increase the women’s representation in the public offices as well as the policy-making zone of the country. During those years, the foundation recruited a remarkable number of women who were selected for the public offices. Consequently women’s representation was doubled in the Congress. During the campaign from 1989 to 1992 the Foundation’s primary goal was focused on the ballot initiatives, through programs raising awareness among the college students. In 1990, it organized the students against the anti-choice ballot initiatives in Oregon and Iowa. In Iowa it worked for achieving support for the state’

Criminal prevention, treatment or punishment program Research Paper

Criminal prevention, treatment or punishment program - Research Paper Example The employ of such youth and juvenile-oriented programs vary from one state to another although local authorities and police officials admit that one without the other is simply incomplete. In criminal prevention and suppression, both practices are displaying effectiveness at different levels although prevention had proven to be more efficacious in exploiting the use and management of one of the least discussed but highly important areas of criminology – the finances. 2 In seeking for the restoration of the Community Youth Services grant line for the two fiscal years 2011 and 2012, Chicago Area Project (CAP) Director David E. Whitaker, said that the programs which focus on juvenile delinquency prevention cost taxpayers less than $500 per youth yearly while the expense of keeping a juvenile delinquent in detention is estimated to be up to $80,000 or $75,000 more expensive per youth, per year. The director of the Illinois side of the CAP project said that even if only one percen t or 700 of these youths go into juvenile detention, the cost would be a staggering $56 million annually or ten times greater than the entire Community Youth Services grant line. ... Such principle is explicitly underlined in the mission statement of the Anti-Gang Office, a division of the Mayor’s Office of Public Safety and Homeland Security in Houston, Texas in these words: The office operates under the premise that gang activity is best addressed through three strategies: prevention, intervention and suppression. Prevention and intervention are offered by service organizations, with suppression addressed by law enforcement and criminal justice agencies. (houstontx.gov) 3 Peace and stability starts at home particularly with the parents themselves establishing the very core of discipline and provisions that make for a peaceful and stable family, the most basic foundation of any society. Generally, the whole community and the public at large will eventually take charge in the overall aspect of crime deterrence noting that the pillars of the justice system notably the police can only be as affective as the general public wants them to be. In reiterating the effective symmetry of criminology, a Mayor of Houston states that: â€Å"suppression is generally not successful alone. Houston provides an example of how suppression can be combined with other program elements, in that the Mayor's Anti-Gang Office uses suppression techniques as one element of the OJJDP's comprehensive gang model, â€Å"a paradigm that utilizes five core strategies (community mobilization, provision of opportunities, social intervention, suppression, organizational change and development) to address gang issues within a targeted community.†(usmayors.org) Working closely in consonance with the Anti-Gang Office of the Mayor, the Houston Police

Does the constitution of the united states prevent effective Essay

Does the constitution of the united states prevent effective government - Essay Example Carl Friedrich (1965) similarly defined constitution as a system of efficient, regularized restrictions upon government activities. From this point of view, the key attribute of a constitution is its statement of individual rights, particularly those held against the state. Definitely, a bill of rights at the present form parts of almost all written constitutions, the first Bill of Rights included the ten amendments quickly appended to the American Constitution in 1791, covering such liberties as freedom of religion, speech, the press, and the right of the people to bear arms (Lloyd 2006). The second and somewhat neglected role of constitutions is as power maps, defining the structure of government. Constitutions articulate the pathways of power, describing the procedures for making laws and reaching decisions. As Sartori (1994) wisely observes, the defining feature of a constitution is this provision of a frame of government. A constitution devoid of a declaration of rights is still a constitution, but a document lacking a power map is not a constitution. A constitution is therefore a form of political engineering, to be judged like any other construction by how well it survives the test of time. From this perspective, the United States version, still standing firm after more than 200 years, is a triumph. Procedures for amendment are an important component of the constitutional architecture. Most constitutions are rigid or in other words, entrenched, thus rendering them more acceptable to the various interests involved in their construction (Sartori 1994). A rigid constitution offers the general benefit, much prized by liberals, of predictability for those subject to it. An entrenched constitution also limits the damage should political opponents obtain power, for unless they can clear the amendment hurdle they too must abide by the values embedded in the settlement

Peyotism and the Native American Church Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Peyotism and the Native American Church - Essay Example Peyotism is, essentially, the ingestion of the Peyote, a psychoactive, small, spineless cactus, for religious purposes. Peyote is native to certain parts of Texas and Mexico, and the tribes that settled there have been reported to use it for a long time. There are Inquisition cases that dealt with peyote usage as early as 1614 (Stewart 1980:300). Though there are many prevailing theories about the exact route through which peyote use came to the Native American tribes that were not settled in the regions were this cactus grows, however, this much is clear that the tribes that practiced peyotism taught the practice to either those they had captured, or took the religious practice with them even when they were displaced from their original settlements. According to Stewart, it was the Lipan who were primary contributors to the course that led to the founding of the Peyote Religion in Oklahoma (1974:218), and La Barre agrees (49). Slowly, but surely, peyotism spread; it took on many asp ects of both traditional religious rituals of the Native Americans, along with amalgamating Christian themes within. La Barre states that as early as 1876, the Oto and the Sac were learning a Christianized version of Peyotism from the Tonkawa directly (as cited in Stewart 1974:216). Peyotism evolved and became what is now the Native American Church: a Christian church, with many Native American rituals. Just where the syncretism originated is not quite clear, but the fact remains that the members of this Church consider themselves to be practicing something that â€Å"incorporates distinctly Christian teaching and practices† (Feraca 2001:60). But the fact that most of their practices are frowned upon by the Catholics and the Protestants alike (La Barre 1960) for being incompatible with their practices clearly shows that there are some distinct native rituals that are practiced by this Church. Feraca maintains that at first glance, the paraphernalia used during Church meetings , both of the Half Moon and the Cross Fire sects, looks non-Christian (2001:61). The traditional beaded staff, the single-headed metal drum with three legs of the Cross Fire, and the peyote all are seemingly alien to Christianity, however, to Church goers they represent the walking staff of Christ, the three legs the Trinity, and the peyote itself is the host (ibid.). Similarly, the eagle, the turtle and the water bird symbols used by the Half Moon are considered to be the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit respectively (Ruby 2010:59). All these symbols, paraphernalia and rituals were part of the traditional religions of the tribes, but have now been amalgamated into a new form of Christianity that is practiced by the Natives almost exclusively. Emerson Spider, Sr., who was a Reverend of the Native American Church, when talking about this fusion put it so, â€Å"We are Indian people, and we still have some of our traditional ways†¦There are traditional things that we still have†¦because we grew up with them and we’re Indians† (1987:207). In his article about revitalization movements, Anthony Wallace states that revitalization movements take place when there is dissatisfaction amongst most of the population with the cultural

Ford Statistics Project Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Ford - Statistics Project Example Since1903, the company has produced motor vehicles in various categories such as cars, trucks, and even tractors. Through innovation and sustainable development, Ford has managed to stay afloat for a century and above while providing its clients with quality and affordable motor vehicles. It owns minority stakes in several other automobile makers. Apart from subsidiary ownership, Ford has also been able to buy and sell several other motor vehicle manufacturers over the years depending on its needs to expand its operations globally and maintain profitability. Nigeria, as the new target market has potential for success to Ford. Nigeria represents Africa’s largest economy with favourable demographics. Since Africa is still developing as a continent, expanding to Nigeria is likely to register success in the long run due to the purchasing power of its population. However, the country has had a tumultuous political past of civil wars. Currently, there is tension due to subversive ac tivities by the subversive militia known as Boko Haram. Company and environment analysis will help in the making of better informed decisions especially with regard to risk assessment and management (Singla, 2007). The analysis consists of PESTEL, SWOT, VRIO framework and Porters Five Forces model analysis. The result of these analyses significantly influences strategy formulation that follows thereafter. Beginning with PESTEL, the political environment takes significance. Even though there is political disturbance caused by the militia group (Boko Haram), there are likely no unbearable circumstances as oil exploration, mining and trade continue. It indicates that Ford can launch its operations and expect success as the government supports businesses are able to operate. Secondly, the economy is excellent for Ford to expand to Nigeria. As the largest economy in Africa and still growing, economic stability will definitely ensure that interest and exchange rates are

Devising of Optimisation Models and Modelling Systems for Supply Chain Essay

Devising of Optimisation Models and Modelling Systems for Supply Chain Planning and Management - Essay Example Supply chain misalignments, the main challenges facing today's supply chains, can be grouped into the following four major categories. Supply chain incentive misalignment characterizes the lack of consistent incentives among supply chain partners. It is well understood that different parties in the supply chain often have different incentives for doing business. They will not cooperate with their supply chain partners unless they have an incentive for doing so. Supply chain incentive misalignment is associated with two common observations in supply chain management. First is the widespread existence of conflicting objectives among the supply chain partners. For instance, suppliers typically want manufacturers to commit themselves to purchasing large quantities in stable volumes with flexible delivery dates. Unfortunately, manufacturers require just-in-time (JIT) supply in small batches from their suppliers due to changing demand and their unwillingness to hold inventories. Thus, the suppliers' goals are in direct conflict with the manufacturers' desire for inventory holding and flexibility. The otheThe other observation is the lack of shared visions (and risks) between the supply chain partners. For example, suppliers, manufacturers, and retailers often optimise their inventory levels according to their own forecast of future demand. They do not share their observation of the shifts in the marketplace. The result is high inventory costs, high response time or poor service levels. In practice, aligning supply chain incentives can be achieved through so-called performance measurement schemas (Lee and Whang, 1999, 633-40). A performance measurement schema specifies the rules such as how supply chain costs can be calculated and allocated, what service levels should be achieved by supply chain partners, and what constraints the supply chain partners should abide by. Supply chain process misalignment occurs when supply chain processes are not synchronized within or between trading partners. Efficient and effective supply chain management requires innovative enterprise and inter-enterprise breakthroughs for synchronization of supply chain processes. The critical factor behind supply chain process misalignment is the interdependency of supply chain processes. Tackling the issues of supply chain process misalignment entails determining which process does what (in the case of managerial processes, which process decides what) and which process knows what. Supply chain information misalignment occurs when information necessary to support decision-making processes is not readily available, not usable or incorrect. Although recent developments in information technology, such as the internet, enable more information to be readily available for use, supply chain information misalignment still exists due to several reasons. Firstly, the needed information

Property Equity and trust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Property Equity and trust - Essay Example Most civilizations are moving away from the government-sponsored tenure systems. This change means that the government initiatives to provide the legally binding property rights fail to meet the needs of the locals. This paper discusses the factors that contribute to the changes in legal property ownership and the implications of such changes on the socio-economic and legal systems. For the purpose of this paper, a property is defined as either immobile, fixed assets or mobile assets that can be valued in economic terms and that which provides a sense of wealth to the owner. Property rights define the control that particular individuals in the society have over assets, the profits gained from the assets and the residual rights over such property. An ideal property right must be secure and easily defensible within the court system. The security the individuals obtain from property rights is subject to the stability and predictability of such rights. However, there are various informal constraints to legal property ownership such as gender definitions and assignments. These informal limitations inevitably affect legal access to the property since they are not flexible or responsive to formal changes (Engels 112). It is evident that the socio-cultural ways are not bound to change completely at once despite the economic pressures from formal sectors such as gender equity and affirmative action to improve the property access rights of the females. The formal laws are antagonistic to the informal property rights resulting in instability of such formal rights. Due to the instability, individuals have opted to a privatized property ownership, which offers comparatively stable property ownership rights. Taking the example of the land ownership in Africa, it can be determined that the imposition of formal private property rights by the government is sometimes conflict

FGM among the Maasai of Kenya Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

FGM among the Maasai of Kenya - Term Paper Example Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) refers to the removal of an entire or a part of the external parts of the female sexual organ. In most practicing societies, the Maasai included, popular opinion towards FGM by the Maasai of Kenya is that its effects are more counterproductive than benevolent on the life of the innocent girl, and it should be disbanded. In the first place, there is a multiplicity of negative health consequences which are associated with FGM. First, FGM readily brings with it, hemorrhage, since the sponsors who preside over it are usually bereft of adequate surgical or clinical skills. Sponsors in this case are those who preside over this rite of passage. Again, the clandestine nature with which FGM is practiced makes adequate preparations for the ritual nearly impossible. This includes the failure to feature clinical tools to control bleeding as part of the sponsors’ paraphernalia. Largely, the legal proscription of the act by the Government of Kenyan 9 years ag o, underpins the clandestine nature of FGM practices. According to Maasai Rising (2013), the gravity of the matter above cannot be downplayed. Despite the Government of Kenya’s act of outlawing the FGM, the prevalence of FGM among the Maasai of Kenya remains at an appalling 95-97%. It is estimated that 5% of this population is lost annually, to hemorrhage sustained from the rite of passage. What exacerbates the situation is the fact that the age of eligible FGM candidates keeps reducing. Candidates are people who have been designated for initiation. The reason behind the reduction in the age of the potential FGM candidates among the Kenyan Maasai girls is that the Government of Kenya has appointed non-Maasai teachers to enlighten and conscientize the Maasai girl child on FGM and its dangers. These teachers usually teach in the upper years of primary school education, where most female students are considered ripe for circumcision. Because of this increased enlightenment among Maasai girls, the age of circumcision gets lowered to parry away rebellion from the girl child who is older and more enlightened. This means that presently, most candidates are not those at the onset of puberty, but those between 4 and 9 years. The crux of the matter herein is that the younger candidates are not strong enough to withstand to heavy bleeding and succumb to it. Because of the failure to make proper arrangements to deal with clinical complications that may accost FGM, there are other pitfalls that follow it as a rite of passage. Cases of urethral damage also highly and consistently accost FGM since sponsors who preside over FGM are not clinically or medically trained. Again, reports by Maasai Evangelistic Association (2012) show that FGM is inextricably concomitant with urinary tract infections, cervical infections, chronic pelvic infections and dermatoid cysts. Sometimes, the birth canal is interfered with to the point of causing dangerous childbirth in future. In mos t instances, the spread of the HIV/AIDS virus is easily aided by the practice of FGM since only one blade is used on all participating candidates. The blade is only wiped on grass and nearby vegetative undergrowth to wipe off blood. This makes it too easy for infections to pass from one candidate to another, should one candidate be a disease carrier. However, the Maasai Evangelistic Association (2012) observes that it is important to note that the malevolent nature FGM is not merely embodied by the health implications that accompany the practice. To argue otherwise

The advertising world Essay Example for Free

The advertising world Essay The youths are highly influenced when they hit their transitional period from adolescence to the teenage years. They are dealing with the changes in their bodies and minds. Businesses are cashing in on the ability to target these children with their products; companies have focused advertising their products to young girls. The advertising world is also using younger models to sell their products. They are using the youth to sell anything from candy to underwear for their companies. The federal government should ban advertisers from allowing young girls to model as grown women. Advertising companies has used women to model as early back as the 1890’s The ideal of a beautiful woman has changed over the decades. Women and young girls look at magazines, movies, and movie stars and they desire to look like them. This may not be a problem for some women, but it has become a problem for the young girls today. The advertising world should be limited to how the youths are used in advertising. The writer remembers a story, which was overseas, a young model about ten years old was hired to model underwear, and she had on so much make up that it made her look like she was in her twenties, and she was wearing underwear that was for a grown woman. Neither the make-up nor the underwear was appropriate for this young girl to wear and/or to be advertising for other young girls to want to purchase. Young girls should not be exploited in this manner. A lot of young girls have a negative body image of themselves. When they desire to be something or somebody, they are not can or will cause the girls to develop eating disorders such as anorexia, bulimia or binge eating. The young girls want to be beautiful and thin because of the ideal body image that the advertising world is demonstrating in their ads, this how they are supposed to look to be accepted within a glamorous world. The perception of a better life is you are beautiful and thin. Most people are aware of anorexia, and bulimia is eating disorders were a person eats food, and then they use laxatives or force themselves to vomit to become and stay thin. The person who has anorexia or bulimia sees themselves as fat, and they may be very thin. Most people, such as the writer have not heard of binge eating as an eating disorder. Our nation is concerned as being obese. The writer has not heard of binge eating being explained as a cause for some people may be overweight. On the House of Thin website, it talked about binge eating and suggested there is help for these people through a support group. Another eason why advertisers should not use young girls to model as grown women, they put all this make-up on a young girl and have them pose as if they are grown women. There are predators out in the world, and young girls are their targets. The writer believes young girls should look like young girls (youthful and innocent appearance) and should not look like grown women, there may be less of this problem. There are numerous website that is exploiting young girls in various ways. The writer was in disbelief while doing my research. The police are also online looking for these predators of the children. Advertising is big business, and our nation operates on a Capitalism system. The writer likes, the statement from our textbook, â€Å"Citizens are entitled to protection from harmful actions by others (Lunsford 2010). Using young girls to advertise merchandise like they are grown women is a harmful action. Body image and the media has become big business at the expense of the youth. The children are not happy with themselves, and parents are allowing this to happen. When is enough, enough? Stop exploiting our children for the price of a dollar. Adults have the responsibility to ensure children keep their innocence, and children don’t become an adult before their time. Children must be talked to about themselves, and children should be encouraged to increase their self- esteem. A positive and nurturing environment is what children need to help fight the advertising world. The writer knows that advertising to the young is not going to change overnight, just like the problem didn’t start overnight. Parents do have a voice and can make a change within our households. Parents also need to be aware of what their child is doing. Growing up back in the 60-70’s children was always watched by somebody, whether it was a teacher, parent, family member or just the neighbor. Somebody was involved with the children; parents need to become more involved. Today, adults lead a very busy life, demands on the job, making sure to work hard and not make mistakes for fear of losing a job. The time invested in the children will make difference. The influence of the television, magazines, movie stars or their peers on the youth we will have more and more youth with eating disorders and vulnerable to predators. The United States economic system is a Capitalistic and people will say that the advertiser has the right to make money. People can argue that the parents are responsible for managing their children spending habits. Base on a survey in 1994; found that 40% of 9 years old have been on a diet (Derenne, and Beresin). Parents should limit the amount of time children are exposed to various forms of media. Monitoring the children and talking about what the children are seeing is another method to use with media. Parents are not responsible, and the federal government needs to look out for the well-being of the youth. Every society has a way of torturing its, women, whether by binding their feet or by sticking them into whalebone corsets. The American culture has come up with its designer jeans (Derenne, and Beresin). Nothing else can say it better than this statement.

Romeo And Juliet | Analysis

Romeo And Juliet | Analysis Romeo and Juliet will always remain a classic example of a tale of pure love that was forbidden. On the similar lines are Isabel Allendes The House of the Spirits and Laura Esquivels Like Water for Chocolate wherein Blanca and Pedro, Ferula and Clara in the former and Tita and Pedro Muzquiz in the latter are restrained for some reason or the other to experience the culmination of their eternal love. Besides the characters the passionate culture of the Latin- America as the setting of both the texts too contributes a lot in making both these stories the tales of love which was not successful. Eateban Treubas and Claras daughter Blanca is born and brought up in a rich family. The Hacienda of which Esteban Trueba is the owner has Pedro, Blancas love working on it. The society was divided on the basis of class and that is what acted as a major obstacle in Blancas and Pedros relation, making their love a forbidden one. Esteban Treuba was known for his dictatorship amongst the peasants who worked on Tres Marias. Many disapproved and disliked his ways of working. Pedro too was one of them who used every opportunity that he got to oppose his rules. Esteban Treuba was well aware of this and it further made the situation worse for Pedro and Blanca. Esteban was not aware of this secret affair that his daughter had nurtured for so many years. it is by Jean de Satingy that he is informed of the fact that such a relation existed. Esteban whipped and lashed his daughter for this so much so he forcibly got her married to Jean and deported them to some desert. Estebans treatment did damage his relation with his daughter but the physical separation between Pedro and Blanca could in no way put off the passion that each other had within their hearts. Thus no force on earth could prevent them from coming to love each other with the ecstatic passion. However the love experienced by the two was unusual. Since they had grown up together experiencing this secret love for each other that it had become a way of life for them . No one made any efforts of making it a success because they were afraid of the fact that in normal circumstances they may not experience the same passion that they did in forbidden circumstances. Blanca fed their love with fantasies, idealized it, savagely defended it, stripped it of prosaic truth, and turned it into the kind of love found in novels. The love experienced by both was thus forbidden even though the passion never faded. Another character who experiences forbidden love is Esteban Trueba, who wished all his life that Clara submit to him. He wanted to possess her both emotionally and physically. Allende projects the immense power of love which may be forbidden but certainly gives meanings to the lives of the characters. Laura Esquivel brings out the theme of forbidden love through many characters. it is a story set in Mexico , of a family that lives on a ranch and in times when tradition heavily bound them from doing what they wished to. Tita de La Garza, like any teenage girl found the love of her life in Pedro Muzquiz. She began to weave her dreams thinking of marrying her love one day, but the dreams shattered when Mama Elena announced that instead of her it is Rosaura who would get married to Pedro. The reason given for this was that the youngest daughter of the family had to spend her entire life serving her mother. So at the very outset the theme of forbidden love is introduced in the novel. The passionate love had to face many a storm; many relations begin to lose meaning. First is that of Tita and Mama Elena. It is Mama Elena who is responsible for ruining it all. She troubles her daughter to such an extent that it becomes suffocating for her .she is even forbidden to express her sorrow over the fact that she cannot spend her life with Pedro and she is given charge of the wedding. She begins to hate Rosaura for following Mama Elenas orders and all such emotions are given the shape of the wedding cake which ha s the similar emotion overtaking the guests who eat it. Isabel Allende uses the theme of forbidden love to make her story progress .On the other hand Laura Esquivels Like Water for Chocolate revolves around this theme bringing out the attitudes, behaviours , emotions feelings of various characters who are affected by it in some way or the other. For instance the love that Rosaura feels for Pedro is forbidden because even though Pedro got married to her, it was done on a purpose. He could never kill his feelings for Tita, nor could Mama Elena force him to do that. Mama Elena herself experiences forbidden love where the norms of the society restrain her to settle with the man she loved. All this is known through Tita who ventures into her mothers box after death. Both the authors highlight the fact that Esteban Trueba and Mama Elena responsible for forbidding characters to love each other could surely exercise their power in succeeding in the venture but they could not completely destroy the emotion within the hearts of Pedro and Blanca and Pedro and Tita. The love continues to rule and eventually does succeed in the case of Pedro and Tita. However as far as redeeming for the sin committed it is only Esteban Trueba who undergoes transformation towards the end of the novel. The irony is that the man he hated the most, is the one who helps him out in the times when he had no hope left, where as in case of Mama Elena she continues to remain cruel throughout, infact climbs the ladder from being bad to worse. She carries it with her to her grave and continues to trouble Tita appearing to her every now and then as a ghost. Forbidden love as a theme is extremely significant tool of narrating a story. It has both the power to add depth to the plot which is the case of the house of the spirits and the ability to hold the text on its foundation as evident in case of Like Water for Chocolate. Both Laura Esquivel and Isable Allende have beautifully dealt with the powerful emotion of love ,binding it with the thrilling forbidden urge and as a result both the texts keep the readers engaged right uptill the end.

Ethics Within The South African Police Service Criminology Essay

Ethics Within The South African Police Service Criminology Essay Through the course of the past year and this year especially, many police actions have made the headline news for wrong reasons. It is therefore reasonable to ask: Why this sudden increase? It is because the police think that they are above the law? Or it is because of their tempers reaching the boiling point due to the specific circumstances of an event, due to personal or organisational frustrations or it is because of inadequate and infrequent training? One can ask if the media is blowing this type of police actions out of proportion. One can ask if the organisations and the managers are paying an attention to the variety of issues that extend far beyond their normal business and which affect individuals, communities, the environment, countries and the entire world. DEFINITION OF ETHICS It entails the code of moral principles and values that directs the behaviour of an individual or a group in terms of what is right or wrong. A code of ethics sets standards about what is good or bad in behaviour and in decision making. SAPS CODE OF ETHICS The code of ethics of the SAPS underpins the way in which every member of this organisation should behave, irrespective of whether they are on duty or not. This code has a specific purpose of providing a standard of police behaviour that does not allow any leniency for poor service delivery or corrupt activities by the members of the organisation and must therefore be applied by all members in their daily tasks. The key principles of the code of ethics are: Integrity; Respect for diversity; Obedience to the law; Service excellence; and Public approval LEVELS OF ETHICAL DECISION MAKING The SAPS is facing a huge challenge within the individual and the organisational level that needs the leadership of the organisation to take into consideration. It is very difficult to change the attitude and the behaviour of an individual. The south African police service members are no longer trusted within the communities including the opposition parties (Democratic Alliance) raised a question for debate in the parliament for the implementation of the commission of enquiry against the behaviour and the brutality of the police, where the President responded by saying there is no need for the commission of enquiry to investigate the polices conduct as there are bodies that are given a mandate to investigate the police conduct( media statement: e-news, 21 March 2013). The Independent Police Inspectorate Directorate that functions independently of the department of Safety and Security has been given a mandate to investigate the Police conduct, and their functions are: Investigate police misconduct or any offence allegedly committed by the member of the SAPS, Investigating any deaths in police custody or as a result of police actions; and Investigating any matter referred to it by the Minister or MEC for Safety and Security. The DAs shadow minister of police Dianne Kohler Barnard, argues that the low conviction rate of the police reflects the police cover-up culture. The police unethical code of conduct is like a pain to the bodies of the citizens as of the republic since they have invested their lives to the police. During the Parliamentary reply on the costs of legal cases compensated for the period of three years, held on 12th March 2013, the Minister of the Police Mr Nathi Mthethwa, asked the National Commissioner of the Police Ms Riya Phiyega to look into issues of litigations such as: wrongful arrests and detention, corruption, negligent conduct and commission of serious offences by police officers. The above mentioned litigations are the main dilemma that affects the organisation and has brought a lot of mistrust of the police by the citizens. The South African Police Service has a challenge of the individual and the Organisational of ethical decision making that will be discussed on the next paragraphs. MANAGING ETHICS IN LAW ENFORCEMENT INDIVIDUAL LEVEL The human resource is the most crucial part of the organisation and difficult to manage because of their differences. Managers must learn more about the people and their behaviour in an organisation. People should be considered as people they spend a lot of time at work, some work to satisfy their needs that is the contributing factor to corruption. As the smallest sub-system in an organisation, individuals have the same characteristics as other systems. People are complex and interact continually with the environment, they strive for equilibrium and they may have a multiplicity of goals. To understand how people function is not an easy task, for no two individuals are the same. However, there are certain key variables that determine the behaviour of employees with which managers should be familiar with. These, includes, values and attitudes, personality, ability, motivation, perception, and learning. The organisation is one of the instruments employees can use their goals. However the organisation can block the attainments and the needs and goals of employees for them to become unmotivated and unproductive. There are so many issues that the organisation plays a role in contributing towards the behaviour and the frustration of an individual, looking at the impact of the promotions: the labour court granted the SAPS court order that interdicts and restrains the SAPS from promoting any member to the ranks of Lieutenant, Captain and Major due to the court interdict submitted by the labour movement Solidarity on the 27th February 2013 after the announcement of the post by the SAPS on the 18th March 2013, reference 8/1/1 volume 59. With the individual as a system in a changing environment, this is a total torture and the frustration to those who were promoted and to those who were not promoted and qualify for the promotions? (www.sapsjournal.gov.za/dynamic/journal/.dynamic.aspx?pageid= 414jid.44024. Date of access: 20 April 2013. The SAPS said it has the best interest of their members and will make sure that this matter is addressed. There are some different approaches that the SAPS is using in managing an individual even though is very difficult as the manager cannot sit in the office and monitor the subordinates how much time they spend on telephones and their movement when working outside. But the office open space system other companies uses, as one of the monitoring tool to prevent members doing their own agendas during the working hours as they share the office or the space with their members whereas in SAPS we still use the old system of individuals office but it depends on the services delivered per component. In case of the Crime Intelligence and the Detective unit it will be highly difficult to be implemented in terms of the confidentiality of their cases and the dockets. Management of resources The SAPS has implemented the fire-arm permit system for reporting on duty and off duty to prevent dishonesty and the financial constraints. What was happening previously is that the Relief Commanders and the Commanders of the other units were dishonest of their subordinates absenteeism; a member will be booked on duty on SAP 15 whereas s/he was absent. Some would report on duty and leave early without being noticed and will never come. With the fire-arm permit system, a members fingerprint is needed to verify his/her presence at work and the absence that will push the Human Resource official to verify the member absent. The problem is that it has not been long implemented already it is not working, some stations have tampered with the system, whereas our systems are not fully effective, this is the main reason why some reports of duty early without logging in the system and the following a day they start by booking Off duty with the reason, the system was offline, and this will not be questioned as we all know that our systems are poor. In most cases are offline. The leave policies that are just a written document that are not effective monitored, some members have an attitude of using their sick leave and vacation at the beginning of the leave plan circle. No has ever questioned the member from the provincial office, the matter is left in the hands of the responsible station commander who is afraid to take actions against the member and this leads to the undedicated other member to copy the behaviour that results in an increase of sick leave reported, even though it their rights but some are being misused. The performance enhancement process, serves a monitoring tool to the member. Its existence has been questioned many times if whether it serves its purpose within the organisation. The SAPS is trying its level best with no luck because of the managers and its poor system. In terms of reducing the telephone bills, the SAPS implemented the policy of paying the private telephone calls made by the member. No one will verify if the telephone calls made on the members bill are official or private unless the member is honest. Locking ones telephone account if the member fails to pay hampers the service delivery too. The AVL system, the vehicle monitoring tool, due to the poor system, it is also not properly managed and in some cases, it gives the wrong location of the vehicle during a certain period, but give the right speed the member was driving during the certain time and period and this are the only thing our managers are trained at, to monitor the member in order to let her/him down even though this is important too for the prevention of the accidents due to lack of negligent and reckless driving. ORGANISATIONAL LEVEL The ethics of managerial decision making is often complex and managers often disagree on what an ethical decision in a specific situation entails. Managers should consider two factors: (1) the approach that they can use to determine which alternative to choose in a decision-making situation; and (2) what organisations can do to ensure that managers follow ethical standards in their decision making (PJ Smith et al. (2007:415) Management of Principles). The management of ethics in the law enforcement is a very crucial issue lately whereby the organisation is making the headline news on daily basis. It came to the state where the leadership is being questioned about the state of the organisation and the conduct of its members. We can see how Commissioner Riya Phiyega, avoiding to confirm that the Marikana mine workers were killed by the police and why she failed to suspend the members as she did with the Mido Macia Case, Mozambican who was brutally killed by the police at Daveyton on the 26th February 2013. Her answer was that she cannot confirm that the mine workers were killed by the police as there is no enough evidence and it requires the findings from the commission of enquiry to what caused the killing of the 34 mine workers, the injury to the 78 mine workers and the extra 10 people that includes the two police officials and the security guards near the mine whereas Midos Case is different as there were enough evidence that lin ks the suspended members to the killing of the Mozambican man (www.bdlive.co.za/national/2013/4/17-phiyega-avoids-confirming-that-marikana-miners-were killed by police: Date accessed, 2013-04-20).This shows that the Commissioner is trying by all means to apply the three approaches to ethical decision making that is the utilitarian, the human rights and the justice approach. Her respond to the commission of enquiry will affect the members that are directly involved in the situation including the SAPS members as a whole. She is faced with a difficult task to defend the members even though she is being criticised for being a woman and leading an organisation that was men dominating previously. The SAPS was never lucky in having a good leadership that leads by example except the woman that has just sat on the hot seat left by the corrupt men, to transform it and it seems that she will not be given the chance to proof herself because so much has happened on her taking the position as the Commissioner that leads to her incredibility. LEADING BY EXAMPLE The first and most important requirement for fostering a culture of good ethics in an organisation is leading by example .Actions speak louder than words. Leading by example serves as an inspirational tool that enhances education to the subordinates. The SAPS was never lucky with the good leadership that leads by an example. The leadership of Jackie Selebi opened up so many unethical conducts within the SAPS as he was arrested for corruption. That was a good example for the prevention of further offending to the subordinates. His successor, Mr Beki Cele was also dismissed from the organisation for unlawful conduct and maladministration with R500 million rand lease agreement for new police headquarters in Pretoria on 24th October 2011. Police managers need to be aware of their visible and critical role within the SAPS. Power is needed to bring about the ethical changes in an organisation and even within the community -policing framework. A common thread in most widespread corruption, cases is an absence of an overview from the top management. In some cases of corruption, the managers do not want to admit to the malpractice under their command, and in some other instances they merely turn a blind eye and in some cases they are involved. Lieutenant General Mdlulis and Colonel HJ Barnards case withdrawn for charges of fraud relating to the alleged misuse of Crime Intelligence funds, whom their case had a lot of interference from within the SAPS and the National prosecuting authority. Their cases let to the suspension of the Senior Prosecutor of the National Prosecuting Authority, Glynnis Breytenbach, who strongly believes that there is still a strong case against this two SAPS senior officers and her suspension in Apr il 2012 has got nothing to do with the handling of the criminal investigation relating to a mineral rights dispute between the mining companies Imperial Crown Trading (ICT) and Kumba Iron Ore over Kumbas Sishen mine, she suggests that it is politically influenced. On the other hand within the SAPS, Colonel Roelofse who was in charge of the case, was informed by the Senior officer, Major General Sibiya, that he had been taken to task by certain Generals within the SAPS, by allowing the investigation to continue beyond the scope of the murder investigation that Lieutenant Mdluli was also charged with. The SAPS senior officers were pulling each others throats with the Lt Gen Mdlulis (anti-corruption task team report dated 2012-03-02), and this gave a support to the Democratic Alliances shadow minister of police Dianne Kohler Barnard statement when he said the low conviction reflects the polices cover- up culture, responding to the statistics on police brutality from the Independent Pol ice Investigative Directorate (IPID) make for grim reading. In 2011/2012 financial year, 720 deaths, allegedly at the hands of the police officers, were investigated. IPID recommended 162 prosecutions and called for disciplinary action against 168 police. But only 05 police officers were dismissed and 13 were convicted of crimes during that period. The highest number of alleged deaths at the hands of the police was investigated in 2008/2009 financial year, when 912 came in for IPID scrutiny. In that year just three officers were dismissed and one was suspended for six months. DEVELOPING A CORPORATE CODE OF ETHICS Another way of managing ethics in an organisation is by means of a code of conduct. The South African Police Service Code Of conduct agreement 11/96 was adopted and signed by the SAPS, the unions, SAPU (South African Police Union), POPCRU (Police and Prisons Civil Rights Union) and the Public Servants Association of South Africa in 1996.Ethical policing demands that the employees of the SAPS to act with integrity and respect for peoples diversity and the law thereby enhancing service excellence to the approval of the public. The South African police Service have instituted the policies, regulations, and the standing orders to maintain the standard of its discipline. Some of the order- maintaining bodies of legislation are: The Code of conduct ; Code of ethics; The Standing orders; National Instructions Regulations; Anti-corruption plan; Whistle blowing plan; Internal disciplinary procedures; and The IPID (Independent Police Investigative Directorate). The organisation has done so much to the translation of the values and beliefs into ethical standards or behaviour, not a single police station does not have the printed code of conduct charts but it seems as if its meaning is meaningless since the number of police corruption and brutality increases, members received the pocket code of conduct that may fit in the pocket for references and this was supposed to be checked by the managers during their inspections in the beginning of every shift but to whom do someone expect the work to be done by an unqualified manager. Warrant officer at Knysna, his wife was brutally assaulted by the SAPS female member who works at the same police station with him, the case was withdrawn and the wife was forced to withdraw the charges against the member for the prevention of misconduct against the member that could jeopardise her career. Charges were withdrawn and the constable was promoted to a senior rank (City Press 11.15.April 2012). That gives an additional to malfunctioning of the SAPS management. The problem lies within the individual as the human resources sub-system, the recruitment, the promotions criteria and the SAPS leadership. Managers should take a long view of enhancing ethical behaviour. MANAGING WHISTLE BLOWING The SAPS is in partnership with the insight company, Panda where the citizens can send sms to 33221 of any criminal activities within their area. The line is confidential and no one will make up follow up to call the person for more information. It is reported that successful arrests has been made since the launching of the system. The anti- corruption plan that is implemented and each and every police station have to conduct sessions to educate the members and the community. RECOMMENDATIONS The recruitment policy, strategies and the criteria must be reviewed as the Minister had said on the media release city press, dated 2013-03-26. The Human Resource Development plan must include education and training on ethics. The performance enhancement process has to be reviewed for the improvement of work ethics. The senior promotions policy, strategies and criteria must be reviewed. The National Commissioners post must not be politicised. CONCLUSION The mangers need to be aware of their visible and critical role within the SAPS. It is essential for the managers to understand their peers and subordinates. A manager is a psychologist, sociologist and political scientist (PJ Smith et al. 2007: 295, Management Principles).

Essay --

In normal cases the immune system's white blood cells protect the body from harmful substances, called pathogens. A pathogen is anything that tries to harm the body. Some examples of pathogens are fungi, bacteria, protozoans, and viruses , and blood or tissues from another species or person. The immune system produces antibodies that destroy these harmful substances. An antibody is like a protein marker produced by B-Cells to identify foreign objects. Unfortunately, as useful the immune system is for our bodies, there are many disorders and diseases related to it. Immune system disorders cause low immune activity or over immune activity in the immune system. During immune system over activity cases, the body damages and attacks its own tissues; these diseases are known as autoimmune diseases. Immune deficiency decreases the body's ability to fight pathogens, causing a higher chance for infection. Allergies are an example of the immune systems over-activity diseases. Allergies occur when the immune system reacts to foods or substances that are not harmful. The most common allergens are pets and pollen. When the immune system senses an allergen, it releases unneeded chemicals. Histamine for example, is one of the chemicals that are released after the immune system senses an allergen; it triggers an inflammatory response. Allergic reactions like this have many symptoms that can include breathing problems, eye irritation, rash, even nausea and vomiting. Asthma is a condition where the immune system becomes over-active in the bronchi. Many people with asthma suffer constriction in their bronchial tubes, which make it harder to breath. An asthma infected persons airways are almost always under inflammation. There is no total cure f... ...rittle bones, and death; 20% of people who have a thyroid storm die. The final immune disorder I want to mention is immunodeficiency. Immunodeficiency is the failure of the immune system to protect the body from harmful substances and infection. Most of the time it is caused by the absence of some components needed. The main cause of immunodeficiency around the world is the Human immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). HIV attacks and kills a crucial part of the immune system; T helper cells. T Helper-Cells kills infected cells. And without T-Cells many other immune cells cannot work properly, including B-Cells that make antibodies. A person infected with HIV may not show any signs or symptoms for years. But as HIV kills more and more T-Cells die the body becomes more vulnerable to infection. And when infected cells outnumber uninfected cells, then the patient will have AIDS.

Free Essays on Whartons Ethan Frome: The Story Begins :: free essay writer

The Story Begins The novel, Ethan Frome, begins with a statement from the narrator who reveals that the story was told to him in bits from various people who told it differently each time. The story is set in Starkfield, Massachusetts, a small rural New England town whose name reflects its sluggish and bleak nature. The narrator recounts the first time she saw Ethan Frome, the "most striking figure in Starkfield" who is not striking because he is handsome, but because of the air of ruin that surrounds him. At that time a man of fifty-two years of age, he seems much older. One member of the community, Harmon Gow, tells the narrator that Frome had an accident twenty-four years ago that left the right side of his body considerably damaged. Everyday, Frome goes to the post office about noon, receiving little in the mail except the newspaper, but every once in a while he gets a letter addressed to Mrs. Zenobia, or Mrs. Zeena. Harmon tells the narrator that the accident which caused Ethan's curre nt physical condition was very severe, but Ethan was a tough man and strong enough to live on. Harmon also tells him that Ethan had to stay in town, where most of the smarter people born there end up leaving, because he had to take care of his family, specifically, his father, mother, and wife.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The narrator is in town because of a strike at the company he works for in Corbury Junction has caused delays. Starkfield is the nearest habitable town so he had taken up lodgings with a widow named Mrs. Ned Hale. One day the narrator is need of ride to Corbury Flats where he is to catch a train to the Junction. When the horses on which he usually depends fall sick, Harmon suggests that Ethan, a poor man always in need of a little money, might be able to give the narrator a ride. The narrator is surprised to find out just how poor Frome really is, and Harmon explains that what little money that comes from his family's saw-mill and farm goes into care for his family. The next day, Ethan drives the narrator over to Corbury Flats and back again in the evening; he continues to do so everyday for a week. Through their conversations, the narrator slowly finds out that Frome has an interest in science, which surprises him.

Components of Open Marriage & Polyamory and the Ethics Thereof Essay

In America, the values of monogamous, heterosexual marriage are drilled into the fabric of the society – so much so that the prospect of any other setup becomes virtually unthinkable. However, in an ever-evolving semiosphere, these other setups are emerging from their hiding place in order to find a forefront spot in contemporary culture and establish themselves as legitimate lifestyles. Education and understanding become paramount as new ideas and formations appear, necessitating tolerance and even acceptance. One of these new formations is what’s known as an â€Å"open marriage,† in which one or both members of a dichotomous marriage seek sexual satisfaction through extraneous partners. Anyone who has ever truly invested their emotions in a relationship might look at this setup with a skeptical, even disgusted eye, and wonder how the marriage could last when sexual exclusivity is not maintained, but regardless, an estimated 6% of married couples are involved in open marriages and are perfectly content to be. â€Å"While many of today's adherents are aging swingers from the old school, a new generation - well organized and committed to legitimizing a lifestyle -- continues to push traditional notions of marital fidelity by having sex with people other than their spouses† (Goldman). A second lifestyle is called â€Å"polyamory,† meaning â€Å"many loves†. In these relationships, one or more members will â€Å"jointly date† and establish emotional connections with other people. Their original lover is called their â€Å"primary,† while everyone else is considered â€Å"secondary†. Polys – as participants are sometimes called – seek to experiment with human’s seemingly endless capacity for love and pursue deeper forms of self-discovery. Originally, marriage ex... ...nd Koray Tanfer, comps. Journal of Marriage and the Family: Sexual Exclusivity Among Dating, Cohabiting, and Married Women. Brigham Young University, Battelle Memorial Institute. 10 May 2008 Betsworth, Roger G. Social Ethics: an Examination of American Moral Traditions. 1st ed. Westminster John Knox P, 1990. 99-103. Goldman, Russell. "Are Open Marriages More Successful?" ABC News. 10 Aug. 2007. 07 May 2008 . Hesse, Monica. "Pairs with Spares." Washington Post. 13 Feb. 2008. 07 May 2008 . O'Neill, Nena, and George O'Neill. Open Marriage: a New Life Style for Couples. Avon Books / the Hearst Corporation, 1973.

Education Is Life Iself Essay

Once John Dewey said, â€Å"Education is not preparation for life; education is life itself.† It is quite difficult, even impossible to contend for the statement. We should clearly understand that education is a long process which lasts for the whole life. More than that life is the best teacher we might ever have. In other words, we can denote that we live educating ourselves and educate ourselves for living. First of all, it is interesting to note that the notions â€Å"education† and â€Å"life† can be regarded as identical ones. The matter is that speaking about education we keep in mind that it is not just a period of life but a lifelong process of learning. As Albert Einstein once noticed, â€Å"Intellectual growth should commence at birth and cease only at growth.† Keeping to the point it should be also mentioned that education can be given and taken anywhere – at school, university or home. It doesn’t matter. However, there is no better teacher than life itself. Nobody can dispute it. People learn much deeper and more effectively through their own actions and mistakes. Life motivates, directs, controls and evaluates us. Life teaches us. What is more important, life is always fair towards us. That is why we consider life to be the best teacher. To sum up, it should be said that every person has his own attitude towards education. For some people education seems to be an obligation, even a burden, for others it is the meaning of life, for the rest it can be a means to achieve some higher goals†¦ but there is no doubt, education is the most powerful tool that has a certain impact on our lives. The other question is how to use this tool. Nukhayeva Kamila

British Airways Swot Analysis Essay

Introduction The growing competency in the airline industry is also subjected in the different economic uncertainties. Due to the high risks in the globalization, the confidence of the business leaders is lowered. This can be caused by the different constraints and challenges that create a great impact in the industry. The recession in most of the developed and successful countries is difficult to assess and the recovering period is not in sight. British Airways stays in the top of the competition and continuously providing the basic services that a world-class airway can offer. However, the influence or the impact of the various economic uncertainties creates a great challenge in the organization. From the different perspective on competition of the propellers, the marketing environment of the organization is bound to change which results in an analysis of the organization’s economic factors. The British Airways expects that due to the tope of the economic challenges, the organization should stay competitive in the industry. Therefore, different theoretical aspects are created in the study to support the aim of the organization in fulfilling their dreams for success. SWOT Analysis British Airways is one of the largest service industries that well managed the operation with an interesting collaboration with the technological innovations. The aim of the organization is to increase the number of customers through delivering the quality of service and satisfaction. Albeit bothered with the challenges in the nature of their business, the airway is still committed to serve in a very ideal way for safety travel. Strengths The most basic strength of the British Airways (BA) that served the entire organization for years is to deliver an adequate solution for travelers in a most safety and satisfying way (Chan, 2000). Aside from the use of various marketing strategies on the world-wide web, the airline marketing and service are performed by most of the females. Prior to the equal labor for both genders, it is considered as the strength of the organization for most of the females are trained to speak in various dialects. It is an advantage for the airways to accommodate various races and at the same time, commit itself to deliver the equal rights in terms of labor (Whitelegg, 2002). Weaknesses The world-wide marketing answer of the BA is entirely prioritizing most of the demands of the clients. But in their strategy in a low cost-ticket can be risky in a long run of the business. Offering the low prices for tickets may not appear harmful in the business but definitely, if the business has greater expenditure over the revenues, there will experience drastic losses (Binggeli and Pompeo, 2002). The creation of the low-cost carriers can weaken the services of some areas because the allotted budget will not satisfy the proposed use of service (Berry, Carnall, and Spiller, 2006). Opportunity The organization’s idea about â€Å"managing the people first† is a tremendous opportunity for their employees. The leaders can create a department wherein most of the people can concentrate on the various marketing strategies such as promotions to enhance the competitiveness of the organization in the industry (Gowler, Ledge, and Clegg, 1993). Another opportunity that the organization may find is their advantage in the use of the quality technologies. Through the innovative ways of the management, the organization can rely on their information systems wherein the strategic marketing and related works can be performed. Through the use of the Internet, the customers can experience the efficiency in online booking and can facilitate the continuous growth of the organization. Threats One major contribution of the BA threats is the increased competition among the airline industry. Through the different competitions, there is a vast option for the customers and most of them choose the best price and service that is fit on their budgets. Through the development of the different explorations, there is a view for the merger and acquisitions (Culpan, 2002). The alliance in the airlines is popular in which the strategies are bind together and the sole action of the organization is limited. Conclusion The British Airways should learn the appropriate on the presented analysis to avoid the drastic changes in their business’s performance. The strategy of the organization to deliver the right service on their customers is a great  advantage because they are aiming for the customer’s satisfaction. But the organization should provide additional strategy to avoid the possible losses. With the appropriate collaboration of the marketing strategies, the BA can create more room of opportunities and strengths that can deliver the entire organization into a great success. References: Berry, S., Carnall, M., & Spiller, P., (2006) â€Å"Airline Hubs: Costs, Mark-ups and the Implications of Customer Heterogeneity’ in Lee, D. (ed)†, Advances in Airline Economics, vol. 1, Competition Policy and Antitrust, Elsevier, Cambridge, USA. Binggeli, U., & Pompeo, L., (2002) â€Å"Hype Hopes for Europe’s Low-Cost Airlines: Europe’s Most Successful No-Frills Carrier Are Making a Lot of Money. But as They Mature, They Will Have Problems Expanding†, The McKinsey Quarterly. Chan, D., (2000) â€Å"The Development of the Airline Industry from 1978 to 1998: A Strategic Global Overview†, Journal of Management Development, Vol. 19, No. 6. Culpan, R., (2002) â€Å"Global Business Alliances: Theory and Practice†, Quorum Books, Westport, CT Gowler, D., Ledgge, K., & Clegg, C., (1993) â€Å"Culture and Commitment: British Airways by Heather Hopfl’ Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management†. London: Paul Chapman Publi shing Whitelegg, D., (2002) â€Å"Cabin Pressure: The Dialectics of Emotional Labor in the Airline Industry†, The Journal of Transport History, Vol. 23, No. 1 Read more: http://ivythesis.typepad.com/term_paper_topics/2010/03/an-analysis-of-british-airways-marketing-environment.html#ixzz14VGZrJmz

Activist Judges on the American Political system

In the Kelo vs. the city of New London case the decision made was that the municipal development statute that was behind the taking of the land was correct as it was part of projects of economic development   i.e. public use of property for the best public interest.This decision is such that if it is taken as a precedent in future cases, private property can be confiscated by the government under the guise of economic development and given to other is seen as a contravention of the rights guaranteed in the American constitution which guarantee the sanctity to personal property.According to David Forte, Many problems come up in the relation of the judicial system and political system in the United States (Forte 1).  The justices who dissented to the ruling were guided by this principle concerning private one of the justices who dissented to the ruling is Justice O’Connor whose views as a Supreme Court justice have been dissented to in many circles.Her liberal views on feder alism, affirmative action gender, religion etc have been the source of controversies. Together with her were other four dissenting justices who were guided by justice for the citizens. This is partly to be found in a pragmatic approach to issues of jurisprudence.In the midst of all the controversy surrounding this decision of the Supreme Court is the fact that dissentions are done with the American dream at heart. For instance, the seizure of private land by the local government for private development can be greatly abused.A well developed neighborhood for residential houses may be demolished to create space for development of private shopping area. The justices who see the danger in the decision work towards Americas self discovery and transformation.The case has been a source of the judges who rule in disfavor of the government policies to be called activist judges. This has been a term that has grown over the years (Activist Judges.com par.5). The cause of this sort of victimiza tion is the ruling hat is not popular with the state and no doubt it is state machinery that is behind the propaganda of activist judges. In the real sense the judges perform their duties according to the law.ConclusionIt can be seen that there is blackmail on those judges who don’t toe the line of the political elite in the country; calling them political activists is one of the politician’s tactics to achieve cheap victories in courts.The freedom of the judicial system needs to be secured from such attacks like this because they may interfere with the role of the justice department of checking the other arms of the government. Those judges who are branded the name activists should not yield to this intimidation so as to keep the fire of justice burning.Works cited Forte, David. The Supreme Court in American Politics: Judicial Activism vs. Judicial Restraint, Heath, University of Michigan, 1972.http://www.google.co.ke/search?q=Activist+Judges+on+the+American+Political +system

Ace Manufacturing Essay

Of all the topics in this course, many students find Lesson 4 to be the most frustrating. I think this may be due in part to an apparent contradiction: there are lots of numbers and equations to work with, but surprisingly little certainty in our conclusions. I share your frustrations at times. Fortunately, these cases are the only â€Å"strictly financial† case studies †¦ the only ones where number crunching is an end unto itself. However, basic financial analysis will always be an important part of our toolkit for making pricing decisions. The document which follows contains the â€Å"answers† to these two case study assignments: Ace Manufacturing and Healthy Spring Water. Despite the financial emphasis, they are similar to the previous cases insofar as they’re intentionally open-ended and somewhat vague to encourage you to draw out all of the contingencies and factors that need to be considered. They’re intended to stimulate thinking. If you feel a bit frustrated by that, it probably means they’re working. Only after you’ve identified the issues and concepts that are relevant to the questions can you start to focus your efforts on how to solve the problem. This is my answer key (of sorts) for the two assigned cases. I know  how much many of you struggled with this case and your efforts were not in vain. Having had to slog through all of the confounding complexities of financial analysis is necessary to fully prepared you for what may lie ahead in your professional endeavors. Ace Manufacturing 1. What is the relevant unit cost for making this pricing decision? There are two primary alternatives that you might consider when approaching this question. Those of you who have this type of responsibility in a â€Å"real world† context are likely to suggest that fixed costs and G&A costs should be allocated equally/proportionately across the two products. At the opposite extreme, you might have chosen to argue that the additional 30,000 units should only be required to cover the incremental costs incurred †¦ implying a relevant unit cost of $7.50. Is one of these approaches â€Å"better† or â€Å"more correct† than the other? Is one of them more realistic? More conservative? Is one approach more conventional †¦ and does being â€Å"conventional† mean it is correct? Arguing persuasively for either position †¦ or a compromise view in between the two †¦ has some merit. And †¦ I’ll certainly try to be fair in evaluating your work, but I have a bias toward being both conservative and coldly realistic. Here’s my thinking †¦ building the units requires using designs that cost money to build and tooling that the company borrowed money to purchase. These are direct fixed costs. They also require maintenance of the plant which is currently being covered by the first 150,000 units. Since incurring these costs is necessary to producing the additional 30,000 units, why shouldn’t the additional 30,000 units be required to cover a fair share of the costs? That leaves the $60,000 increase in General and Administrative Costs associated with the new production †¦ which I would treat in the same way as the increases in direct fixed costs. Does all of this â€Å"squabbling† about how and where to allocate costs make a difference? It makes a big difference in evaluating the profitability of pursuing this new account. 2. Is this business sufficiently profitable to make bidding worthwhile? Although there can be a few subtle variations on this analysis, here’s the way that the two alternative approaches to allocating costs break down: One approach (Plan A) yields a profitable outcome †¦ $2.50 per incremental unit. The other, a loss of $1.25 per incremental unit. When you look at the total dollars columns, however †¦ either scheme generates the same level of profitability – a net gain of $75,000. Confused? The notion of the incremental units covering their â€Å"fair share† of fixed costs shows a net loss resulting from this additional business, but you can’t argue with the total dollars outcome. While the additional units don’t cover their â€Å"fair share† of costs, they contribute $75,000 toward these costs – costs that would not have been covered by the original 150,000 units. In this situation, the concepts of fairness and conventional practice could obscure a profitable opportunity. Based on the financial analysis alone, the company should definitely take the new business. What other considerations are relevant? Well †¦ is there a potential downside in terms of â€Å"indirect† cannibalization and price erosion? There’s always the Walmart effect to worry about †¦ that if you sell an â€Å"incremental volume† of goods at a discount through an alternative channel, buyers may switch channels – and 10,000 units sold at discount will cannibalize 10,000 units in sales at higher margins. Another concern is that prospective buyers will use the lower-priced â€Å"inferior† product as leverage in negotiating the price of the better product. Even slight price reductions in the 150,000 of regular sales would wipe out any profitability gains from additional sales of the inferior product. A simple case study †¦ and two short questions. But appearances can be deceiving. For grading purposes, I’m looking for a thoughtful analysis of the situation †¦ a recognition that there’s more here than crunching a few numbers. A â€Å"bad answer† would be one that rejects the possibility of pursuing this account without recognizing that it is a profitable venture from a strictly financial perspective.

Diet and Digestion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Diet and Digestion - Essay Example These include monosaccharaides, disaccharides and polysaccharides (BRYNIE 2002, pg14). Proteins mainly aid in replenishing worn out tissues and are composed of strings of amino acids. On the other hand, fats, responsible for tendon maintenance can be grouped into saturated or unsaturated fatty acids. Essential fatty acids such as the omega 3 and omega 6 constitute building blocks of the body (JACOB 2013, pg22). The 13 different types of vitamins and minerals such as calcium and potassium constitute the micro nutrients necessary for body function. They can be obtained from the main diet or other sources. Breakfast: cereal, fresh fruit juice, ripe banana. Lunch: boiled pasta, steamed broccoli, fried fish fillet, nuts such as wall nuts or ground nuts and water (a few minutes after meal). Diner deep fried chicken, vegetable and fruit salad, fried fresh spinach and water (a few minutes after meal). Breakfast: oatmeal, banana, fresh fruit juice. Brunch: egg sandwich, 3 medium mango slices, hot beverage. Lunch Swanson chicken dumplings, mango slice or pineapple slice, fried rice and peas stew. Diner: spaghetti, meat balls and steamed broccoli. It is recommended that on daily basis, the meals of elderly patients should include five to twelve portions of grains, five to ten portions of vegetables and fruits, three portions lactose products and three servings of alternatives of meat or meat itself In simplest terms, the process of digestion is the only way in which nutrients and foods can be broken down and absorbed as useful energy or beneficiary compounds in the human body. For this purpose, digestion plays a more pivotal role in overall human health and development than most individuals would otherwise indicate. Without this vital and pivotal process, essential nutrients and energy could not be broken down and ultimately passed along into the bloodstream

Journal Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Journal - Research Paper Example This is a collection of memoirs written by Kingston herself without the mentioning of her own name. The narrator talks about how she grew up in a foreign land, which is the United States. The narrator is basically Chinese, and foreign people are generally termed as ghosts in Chinese language. We also see literal ghosts in a couple of sections, but generally ghosts mean non-Chinese people. The narrator keeps on bringing on the memories and cultural norms of China, while living in the United States, which shows that she has never let go of her mother culture. In this story, the narrator talks about the influence of mother tongue on the chances and opportunities that come in the way of the person, especially if he speaks limited or broken English. She talks how her mother had adopted different kinds of Englishes just for the sake of survival in the non-native country. The narrator tells about her struggles, how she changed her major from pre-med to English, and became a freelance writer. The theme behind is that the language spoken in a family has great influence upon the personality and destiny of a person. We can compare the three stories in a sense that all talk about the importance of mother language and cultural identity. These two things remain a part and parcel of one’s life even when one goes abroad and settles down in another culture with foreign people. Private language and mother tongue should not be given up, because these have a great impact upon our personalities and the way we cope with our everyday lives. â€Å"When I went to kindergarten and had to speak English for the first time, I became silent. A dumbness – a shame – still cracks my voice in two, even when I want to say "hello" casually, or ask an easy question in front of the check-out counter, or ask directions of a bus driver.† (Kingston 5.30) This quote shows the embarrassment when she had not learnt the foreign language. This brings up the importance of learning the second

Urban economic perspective of Cape Town Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Urban economic perspective of Cape Town - Essay Example History claims that the city was founded by the Dutch East India Company and had served as the supply station of the Dutch ships which used to sail to the east like, in India. The city has a vast land area of about 948 sq miles. Apart from being the legislative capital of South Africa, the country is also the provincial capital of the region. As recorded in 2011, the population strength of Cape Town was 3740025. The rate of urbanization in the country has also risen by about 37.5% . The gross employment rate of the city is about 76%. The average monthly income of about 47% of them in the city is R.3200. 78% of the individuals in the city live in formal form of dwellings. The city has good access to safe drinking water and sanitation. The infant mortality rate of the city is about 33.2% . The crude death of the city was about 6014, as estimated in 2011. Gold mining is an important industry of the city. South Africa including the city of Cape Town is rich in terms of many natural resources like, coal, iron ore, gold, platinum and copper. Apart from gold mining, the region is also famous for various other types of industrial segments like, iron, steel and food processing. The city is also rich in natural resources like, cotton and wheat. Carrying forward an elaborate history with it, the city has undertaken vast changes to b uild and enhance its urbanization perspectives over the time. (â€Å"Natural resources and economy†). Economic Perspectives of the City The City of Cape Town is rich in terms of natural resources. These resources which are available in the city often serve as raw materials for the major industries of the country. Moreover, the gross demand of gold in the global market is increasing with time. This has been beneficial for the city of Cape Town as it possesses the core competence over gold reserves in the world. The city is also rich in terms of agricultural resources and animal husbandry. The available rich natural resources of the city are the underlying factor that holds the city together and sustains it. Theory of agglomeration in urban economy explains that when business industries are clustered together, the cost of production of each firm becomes low. This is because clustered firms often experience economies of scale in production. This is either due to common multiple suppliers or division of labor or specialization of work. Cost Quantity of output produced (Source: Authors Creation) It is due to the above factors that the gross quantity of output raises and simultaneously, the cost of production falls for economies in production. The extent of urban agglomeration rate in Cape Town is 690 (km^2). This good agglomeration rate of Cape Town has helped the city to improve its income thresholds. The annual growth rate of the city from 2005 to 2009 was 4.06%. The city has competitive advantage over manufacturing and extraction, film, media, health and medical services. The formal economy of the city provides about 64% of employment opportunities to the labor force in South Africa. The good degree of agglomeration, core competences and natural resources come together to help the city to become a prominent business location in the contemporary world. Growth Factors

Exam - 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Exam - 3 - Essay Example nal integration with highly qualified management, external technical assistance, and good project communication (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:317). Low structured-high technology projects: These refer to projects that are even more complex, considering that such projects entail the combination of low technology and unknown outcomes (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:351). Thus the level of uncertainty is very high, since the expectations are uncertain, while the technology being used is novel and experimental, putting such projects at a great risk of project failure. To avert the chances of such projects failing, the tools that are necessary are the internal integration and the external integration tools, comprising of teams of highly qualified developers, and the excellent application f communication skills (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:317). High structure-low technology projects: These are projects that have the lowest level of risk involved, since they comprise of well understood technology and well-defined outputs and user-requirements (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:316). The essential tools for such type of projects include formal control of results and formal project planning. Low structure low technology projects: This are projects with low levels of risk, because the technology applicable is well known, so the only difficulty is the high rate of volatility of user requirements (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:313). Such projects require the application of good project communication and excellent external integration as the tools to assist in the ever-changing user requirement. Before the incident: At this stage, the issues that need to be considered are the sound design of the project. Further, there also needs to be the consideration of the level of execution, where a high level of disciplined execution is required (Applegate, Austin & Soule, 2009:281). Further, it is important to have detailed documentation of all process and procedures, as

Oxygen releasing compounds in groundwater remediation Essay

Oxygen releasing compounds in groundwater remediation - Essay Example In the past, there have been methods enacted to treat the underground water, which in turn is used by the citizens after it gets treated. There have been many methods of treating this water for the benefit of the persons consumer; also, this water is used for irrigation of crops and also animals. Recently, there has been the physical method used to treat the water. Nevertheless, some people have been claiming that this is not appropriate water to use for consumption. The methods used, seems to be sufficient just like the biological methods too (Canadian petroleum products institute 1991, p. 88). I believe that all these methods are quite good, and many people believe that the use of the physical method is appropriate and commendable since there are not many chemicals used or none at all. Pump and rate have been the most commonly used method of treating the underground water. It has been the most globally used remediation technology. This method has been considered to be the most suitable among all and not expensive. It is not costly compared to other physical methods of the purifying underground water (Wheeler & Adams 1905, p. 55). This method involves the process of pumping the water from underground to the surface and later, the water gets treated using biological treatment. There is also another physical method that can be used, which is known as the air sparking method. It is a very interesting method whereby, the air is usually bowed directly to the ground water and as the bubbles rise, the impurities get removed from the water and the impunities are directed to the soil, which calls the to another work to treat the soil. There has been also another method that could be used as a physical method. The Dual vacuum extraction. To avoid people being infected with t he deadly contamination, they can be used with the bioaugmentation method that increases the enzyme reactive concentration in the system to fight the germs rate in the water.

Improvement of the Human Capital in Canada Research Paper

Improvement of the Human Capital in Canada - Research Paper Example Comprehensive development includes increasing the knowledge and skill of employees within the workforce. While the initial benefits occur in the industry, the individuals achieve surmountable development through increased knowledge. Highly qualified human capital could contribute immensely to the economic development of different countries. The productivity of any industry depends heavily on the available skills utilized in the manufacturing of products. The human capital can determine the quality of products produced within a country, owing to the skills possessed by the people (Crook et al, 2011). Development of quality production, therefore, would include initial development of human capital at early stages. A proper development program would essentially provide policies seeking to initiate human capital development in schools while offering support to the individuals within the program. Improving human capital through education remains the most popular method of approaching the development paradigm in human capital. The selection of this policy from the broad policy area of income, inequality, and poverty, follows a consideration of the aspects involved in the other policy choices. Within the broad area are three policy categories, seeking to elevate the Canadian citizens from excessive levels of poverty. The broad category involves three elements; income, inequality and poverty. The selection would involve a policy that would sufficiently address the challenges involved in the three categories identified (Riddell, 2007). While the other policy choices involve the implementation of multiple policies in achieving target objectives, this policy choice remains simplified in terms of the implementation process. The enriching of anti-poverty programs would involve numerous programs across the country, which could potentially raise the costs of implementing the policy. The other policy categories remain broad and lack specificity in terms of beginning points and target groups for the policy. The selected policy offers a clear definition of the intended population and implementation stage.